/* ==========================================================================
   IJGAH — International Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
   Production stylesheet. Single file, no framework.
   Palette: deep violet + copper on warm near-white.
   Type: Newsreader (display serif) + Manrope (geometric sans).
   ========================================================================== */

:root{
  --brand:#4A2D6B; --brand-d:#33204A; --brand-l:#6B4A92; --brand-soft:#F3EFF8;
  --copper:#C96A3C; --copper-d:#A5522B; --copper-soft:#FBF0E9;
  --ink:#1B1626; --ink-2:#3A3348; --muted:#6E667E; --faint:#736B81;
  --paper:#FBFAFC; --panel:#FFFFFF;
  --rule:#E6E1EC; --rule-2:#F2EEF7;
  --ok:#2F7A5A; --ok-soft:#EAF4EF;
  --field-border:#948AA8;
  --warn:#9A6714; --warn-soft:#FBF3E3;
  --serif:"Newsreader",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --sans:"Manrope",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
  --wrap:1180px; --r:8px;
  --shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(27,22,38,.04),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(27,22,38,.14);
  --shadow-lg:0 2px 4px rgba(27,22,38,.05),0 24px 48px -20px rgba(27,22,38,.22);
}

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  html{scroll-behavior:auto}
  *,*::before,*::after{animation-duration:.001ms!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important;
    transition-duration:.001ms!important;scroll-behavior:auto!important}
}
body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);
  font-size:16px;line-height:1.6;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
a{color:var(--brand);text-decoration:none}
a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
h1,h2,h3,h4{margin:0;font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:-.011em}
p{margin:0 0 1em}
.wrap{max-width:var(--wrap);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px}
.skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px}
.skip:focus{left:8px;top:8px;z-index:200;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;border-radius:6px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}

/* ---------- utility strip ---------- */
.util{background:var(--brand-d);color:#CFC4DF;font-size:12.5px}
.util .wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;min-height:38px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.util-l,.util-r{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;min-width:0;flex-wrap:wrap}
.util b{color:#fff;font-weight:600}
.util a{color:#CFC4DF}
.util a:hover{color:#fff}
.util .sep{width:1px;height:13px;background:#584571}

/* ---------- masthead ---------- */
.mast{background:var(--panel);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);position:relative;z-index:20}
.mast .wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding-top:18px;padding-bottom:18px}
.brandlock{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;min-width:0;text-decoration:none}
.brandlock:hover{text-decoration:none}
.monogram{width:54px;height:54px;border-radius:10px;flex:0 0 auto;
  background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--brand-l),var(--brand-d));color:#fff;
  display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  font-family:var(--serif);line-height:1;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.14)}
.monogram .m1{font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.18em;opacity:.72;font-weight:500}
.monogram .m2{font-size:19px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.02em;margin-top:3px}
.brandtext .bt1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:19px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.01em;display:block}
.brandtext .bt2{font-size:10.5px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);margin-top:5px;display:block}
.mast nav.menu{margin-left:auto;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:2px}
.mast nav.menu a{color:var(--ink-2);font-size:14px;font-weight:600;padding:9px 11px;border-radius:6px;white-space:nowrap}
.mast nav.menu a:hover{background:var(--brand-soft);color:var(--brand);text-decoration:none}
.mast nav.menu a.here{color:var(--brand);background:var(--brand-soft)}
.mast .mastcta{flex:0 0 auto}

.navtoggle{display:none;margin-left:auto;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius:6px;padding:9px 13px;font-size:18px;line-height:1;cursor:pointer;color:var(--brand)}
#mobilemenu{display:none;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--panel)}
#mobilemenu.open{display:block}
#mobilemenu a{display:block;padding:13px 28px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-2);
  font-size:15px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-2)}
#mobilemenu a:hover{background:var(--brand-soft);color:var(--brand);text-decoration:none}

/* ---------- buttons ---------- */
.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:9px;font-family:var(--sans);
  font-size:14px;font-weight:700;padding:11px 20px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid transparent;
  cursor:pointer;transition:.16s;white-space:nowrap;text-decoration:none}
.btn:hover{text-decoration:none;transform:translateY(-1px)}
.btn-p{background:var(--copper-d);color:#fff;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(165,82,43,.3)}
.btn-p:hover{background:#8E4523;color:#fff}
.btn-o{background:transparent;color:var(--brand);border-color:var(--rule)}
.btn-o:hover{border-color:var(--brand-l);background:var(--brand-soft);color:var(--brand)}
.btn-w{background:#fff;color:var(--brand-d)}
.btn-w:hover{background:#F3EFF8;color:var(--brand-d)}
.btn-gh{background:transparent;color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.35)}
.btn-gh:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff}
.btn-sm{padding:8px 14px;font-size:13px}
.btn-block{width:100%}

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero{background:
    radial-gradient(900px 420px at 88% -12%,rgba(107,74,146,.16),transparent 62%),
    radial-gradient(620px 340px at 4% 108%,rgba(201,106,60,.11),transparent 60%),
    var(--panel);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.hero .wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.28fr .95fr;gap:56px;padding-top:60px;padding-bottom:60px;align-items:center}
.eyebrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;
  letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--copper-d);margin-bottom:18px}
.eyebrow::after{content:"";width:34px;height:2px;background:var(--copper);opacity:.5}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(32px,4.2vw,50px);letter-spacing:-.022em}
.hero h1 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--brand)}
.hero .lede{font-size:17.5px;color:var(--ink-2);margin:20px 0 26px;max-width:54ch;line-height:1.62}
.hero-cta{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:28px}
.chips{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.chip{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius:100px;padding:6px 13px 6px 10px;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-2)}
.chip i{width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ok);flex:0 0 auto}
.chip.cu i{background:var(--copper)}
.chip.cb i{background:var(--brand-l)}

.cover{background:linear-gradient(158deg,var(--brand) 0%,var(--brand-d) 74%);border-radius:12px;
  padding:30px 28px;color:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:var(--shadow-lg)}
.cover::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;
  background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.16) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:15px 15px;opacity:.4}
.cover>*{position:relative}
.cover-top{font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#C6B4DE;
  padding-bottom:15px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px}
.cover h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:24px;font-weight:600;margin:18px 0 6px;line-height:1.24;color:#fff}
.cover .issn{font-size:12.5px;color:#C6B4DE;letter-spacing:.03em}
.cover-art{margin:20px 0 18px}
.cover-meta{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:1px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.16);border-radius:7px;overflow:hidden}
.cover-meta div{background:var(--brand-d);padding:12px 13px}
.cover-meta .k{font-size:9.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#AE9BCB}
.cover-meta .v{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-top:3px}

/* ---------- sections ---------- */
section.mod{padding:64px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
section.mod.alt{background:var(--panel)}
.modhead{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:20px;margin-bottom:34px}
.spine{flex:0 0 auto;width:3px;align-self:stretch;min-height:50px;border-radius:2px;
  background:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--copper),var(--brand-l))}
.modhead .num{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--faint);letter-spacing:.06em;margin-bottom:6px;display:block}
.modhead h2{font-size:30px;letter-spacing:-.018em}
.modhead p{color:var(--muted);font-size:15px;margin:8px 0 0;max-width:64ch}
.modhead .ha{margin-left:auto;padding-bottom:4px}

.scope-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.05fr 1fr;gap:48px;align-items:start}
.scope-grid p{color:var(--ink-2);font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.72}
.subj{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.subj span,.subj a{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--panel);border-radius:6px;
  padding:8px 13px;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-2);transition:.15s}
.subj a:hover{border-color:var(--brand-l);color:var(--brand);background:var(--brand-soft);text-decoration:none}

/* ---------- article list ---------- */
.artlist{border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.art{display:grid;grid-template-columns:56px 1fr auto;gap:24px;align-items:start;
  padding:24px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);transition:.15s}
.art:hover{background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--brand-soft),transparent 55%)}
.art .idx{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:25px;font-weight:600;color:var(--rule);line-height:1;padding-top:4px}
.art:hover .idx{color:var(--brand-l)}
.tags{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:9px}
.tag{font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;
  padding:3px 8px;border-radius:4px;background:var(--brand-soft);color:var(--brand)}
.tag.oa{background:var(--ok-soft);color:var(--ok)}
.tag.rev{background:var(--copper-soft);color:var(--copper-d)}
.art h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:19px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.34;letter-spacing:-.008em}
.art h3 a{color:var(--ink)}
.art h3 a:hover{color:var(--brand);text-decoration:none}
.auth{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-2);margin:8px 0 0}
.excerpt{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--muted);margin:9px 0 0;line-height:1.6}
.meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 16px;margin-top:10px;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted)}
.art .acts{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;align-items:stretch;min-width:126px}

/* ---------- board ---------- */
.board{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px}
.person{background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r);
  padding:18px;display:flex;gap:13px;transition:.16s}
.person:hover{border-color:var(--brand-l);box-shadow:var(--shadow);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.av{width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:50%;flex:0 0 auto;
  background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--brand-soft),var(--copper-soft));border:1px solid var(--rule);
  color:var(--brand);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  font-family:var(--serif);font-size:15px;font-weight:600}
.person .nm{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:16px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3}
.person .rl{font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--copper-d);margin:4px 0 5px}
.person .af{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.5}

/* ---------- panels ---------- */
.idx2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}
.panelbox{background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r);padding:24px}
.panelbox h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.13em;
  text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:14px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px}
.panelbox.live h3{color:var(--ok)}
.panelbox.prog h3{color:var(--warn)}
.panelbox h3 i{width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:50%;background:currentColor}
.svc{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;padding:10px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule-2);font-size:14.5px}
.svc:first-of-type{border-top:0}
.svc b{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}
.svc span{margin-left:auto;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);text-align:right}
.svc .dot{width:5px;height:5px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ok);flex:0 0 auto}
.prog .svc .dot{background:var(--warn)}
.note{margin-top:16px;padding:13px 15px;background:var(--brand-soft);border-radius:6px;
  font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-2);line-height:1.6}

/* ---------- CTA band ---------- */
.band{background:linear-gradient(140deg,var(--brand) 0%,var(--brand-d) 70%);color:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.band::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;
  background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.13) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:17px 17px;opacity:.45}
.band .wrap{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr auto;gap:36px;align-items:center;padding-top:48px;padding-bottom:48px}
.band h2{font-size:29px;color:#fff}
.band p{color:#CFC4DF;margin:10px 0 0;font-size:15.5px;max-width:56ch}
.band .cta{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}

/* ---------- footer ---------- */
footer{background:#171222;color:#A79DBA;font-size:14px;padding:52px 0 0}
.fgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:36px;padding-bottom:40px}
footer h4{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.14em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;margin:0 0 14px}
footer a{color:#A79DBA;display:block;padding:5px 0}
footer a:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
footer p{line-height:1.7}
.fbrand{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:15px}
.fbrand .monogram{width:42px;height:42px;border-radius:8px}
.fbrand .monogram .m1{font-size:9px}
.fbrand .monogram .m2{font-size:15px}
.fbrand div b{color:#fff;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:15px;font-weight:600;display:block;line-height:1.3}
.fbrand div span{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}
.fbot{border-top:1px solid #2A2340;padding:18px 0;display:flex;gap:18px;justify-content:space-between;
  flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:12.5px;color:#7E7392}
.lic b{color:#C4B8D8;font-weight:600}

/* ---------- inner pages ---------- */
.crumb{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--panel)}
.crumb a{color:var(--muted)}
.crumb a:hover{color:var(--brand)}
.crumb .s{margin:0 8px;color:var(--rule)}
.ptitle{background:var(--panel);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:40px 0}
.ptitle h1{font-size:clamp(27px,3.4vw,37px);letter-spacing:-.02em}
.ptitle p{color:var(--muted);margin:11px 0 0;font-size:16px;max-width:66ch}

.two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 316px;gap:44px;align-items:start;padding:46px 0}
.rail{position:sticky;top:20px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:15px}
.railbox{background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r);padding:19px}
.railbox h4{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10.5px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.13em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 13px}
.kv{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:13px;padding:8px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule-2);font-size:13.5px}
.kv:first-of-type{border-top:0}
.kv .k{color:var(--muted);flex:0 0 auto}
.kv .v{font-weight:600;text-align:right;word-break:break-word}

/* ---------- article page ---------- */
.abs{font-size:16.5px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--ink-2)}
.abs h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.13em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--copper-d);margin:30px 0 11px}
.abs h2:first-child{margin-top:0}
.abs p{margin:0 0 1.05em}
.authorline{padding:20px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);
  margin:22px 0 26px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}
.authorline .who{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);font-size:16px}
.affil{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:9px;line-height:1.65}
.corr{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--ink-2);margin-top:8px}
.kwd{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:12px}
.kwd span{background:var(--brand-soft);color:var(--brand);border-radius:5px;padding:5px 11px;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600}
.refs{font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.72;color:var(--ink-2)}
.refs p{margin:0 0 .7em;padding-left:0}

/* ---------- generic prose ---------- */
.prose{font-size:16px;line-height:1.78;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:74ch}
.prose h2{font-size:23px;color:var(--ink);margin:34px 0 12px}
.prose h2:first-child{margin-top:0}
.prose h3{font-size:18.5px;color:var(--ink);margin:26px 0 10px}
.prose ul{padding-left:20px;margin:0 0 1.1em}
.prose li{margin-bottom:.5em}
.prose a{text-decoration:underline}

/* ---------- archive ---------- */
.years{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(250px,1fr));gap:18px}
.yearbox{background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r);padding:20px}
.yearbox h3{font-size:19px;margin-bottom:12px;color:var(--brand)}
.yearbox a{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:10px;
  padding:9px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule-2);font-size:14.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-2)}
.yearbox a:first-of-type{border-top:0}
.yearbox a:hover{color:var(--brand);text-decoration:none}
.yearbox a span{font-size:12px;color:var(--faint);font-weight:600}

/* ---------- forms ---------- */
.form{background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r);padding:28px}
.fset{border:0;padding:0;margin:0 0 28px}
.fset legend{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.13em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--brand);padding:0 0 12px;width:100%;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);margin-bottom:18px}
.frow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:16px;margin-bottom:16px}
.frow.one{grid-template-columns:1fr}
.f label{display:block;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink-2);margin-bottom:6px}
.f label .req{color:var(--copper-d)}
.f input,.f select,.f textarea{width:100%;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:14.5px;padding:11px 13px;
  border:1px solid var(--field-border);border-radius:6px;background:#fff;color:var(--ink)}
.f textarea{min-height:110px;resize:vertical;line-height:1.6}
.f input:focus,.f select:focus,.f textarea:focus{outline:2px solid var(--brand-l);outline-offset:-1px;border-color:var(--brand-l)}
.f .hint{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:5px;line-height:1.55}
.check{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:flex-start;padding:10px 0;font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-2);line-height:1.6}
.check input{width:17px;height:17px;margin-top:2px;accent-color:var(--brand);flex:0 0 auto}
.alert{padding:14px 16px;border-radius:6px;font-size:14.5px;margin-bottom:18px;line-height:1.6}
.alert-ok{background:var(--ok-soft);color:var(--ok);border:1px solid #CFE6DA}
.alert-err{background:var(--copper-soft);color:var(--copper-d);border:1px solid #F0D8C7}

/* ---------- misc ---------- */
.gotop{position:fixed;right:20px;bottom:20px;width:42px;height:42px;border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--brand);color:#fff;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  font-size:19px;box-shadow:var(--shadow);z-index:50;border:0;cursor:pointer}
.gotop.show{display:flex}
.gotop:hover{background:var(--brand-d);text-decoration:none;color:#fff}
.empty{padding:40px;text-align:center;color:var(--muted);background:var(--panel);
  border:1px dashed var(--rule);border-radius:var(--r)}

/* ---------- responsive ---------- */
@media(max-width:980px){
  .hero .wrap,.scope-grid,.two,.idx2,.band .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:34px}
  .board{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
  .fgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
  .rail{position:static}
  .mast nav.menu,.mast .mastcta{display:none}
  .navtoggle{display:block}
}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .wrap{padding:0 18px}
  .board,.fgrid,.frow{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .art{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}
  .art .idx{display:none}
  .art .acts{flex-direction:row;min-width:0}
  .util-r{display:none}
  .modhead{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}
  .modhead .ha{margin-left:0;width:100%}
  section.mod{padding:44px 0}
  .cover-meta{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}
@media print{
  .util,.mast,.band,footer,.gotop,.rail,#mobilemenu{display:none!important}
  body{background:#fff}
  .two{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:0}
}